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Mar 2013

Volume 84, Issue 3, Articles (03xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033701 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4774387 (7 pages)

E. Nazaretski, Jungdae Kim, H. Yan, K. Lauer, D. Eom, D. Shu, J. Maser, Z. Pešić, U. Wagner, C. Rau, and Y. S. Chu

Computer aided design (CAD) model of the multilayer Laue lenses (MLL) based scanning fluorescence microscope. The inset shows schematic of the MLL setup used to perform scanning fluorescence experiments. The background represents thermal image of the horizontal MLL assembly.

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back to top Particle Sources, Optics and Acceleration; Particle Detectors

A gas-jet transport and catcher technique for on-line production of radioactive ion beams using an electron cyclotron resonance ion-source

V. Naik, A. Chakrabarti, M. Bhattacharjee, P. Karmakar, A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Bhattacharjee, S. Dechoudhury, M. Mondal, H. K. Pandey, D. Lavanyakumar, T. K. Mandi, D. P. Dutta, T. Kundu Roy, D. Bhowmick, D. Sanyal, et al.

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033301 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4792594 (7 pages)

Online Publication Date: 4 March 2013

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Radioactive ion beams (RIB) have been produced on-line, using a gas-jet recoil transport coupled Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion-source at the VECC-RIB facility. Radioactive atoms/molecules carried through the gas-jet were stopped in a catcher placed inside the ECR plasma chamber. A skimmer has been used to remove bulk of the carrier gas at the ECR entrance. The diffusion of atoms/molecules through the catcher has been verified off-line using stable isotopes and on-line through transmission of radioactive reaction products. Beams of 14O (71 s), 42K (12.4 h), 43K (22.2 h), and 41Ar (1.8 h) have been produced by bombarding nitrogen and argon gas targets with proton and alpha particle beams from the K130 cyclotron at VECC. Typical measured intensity of RIB at the separator focal plane is found to be a few times 103 particles per second (pps). About 3.2 × 103 pps of 1.4 MeV 14O RIB has been measured after acceleration through a radiofrequency quadrupole linac. The details of the gas-jet coupled ECR ion-source and RIB production experiments are presented along with the plans for the future.
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52.50.Dg Plasma sources
52.75.-d Plasma devices
29.20.Ej Linear accelerators
52.25.Fi Transport properties
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
52.70.Gw Radio-frequency and microwave measurements
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A flash-lamp based device for fluorescence detection and identification of individual pollen grains

Denis Kiselev, Luigi Bonacina, and Jean-Pierre Wolf

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033302 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793792 (7 pages)

Online Publication Date: 5 March 2013

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We present a novel optical aerosol particle detector based on Xe flash lamp excitation and spectrally resolved fluorescence acquisition. We demonstrate its performances on three natural pollens acquiring in real-time scattering intensity at two wavelengths, sub-microsecond time-resolved scattering traces of the particles’ passage in the focus, and UV-excited fluorescence spectra. We show that the device gives access to a rather specific detection of the bioaerosol particles.
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07.07.Df Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing
07.60.Rd Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers
92.60.Mt Particles and aerosols
92.60.Sz Air quality and air pollution
93.85.-q Instruments and techniques for geophysical research: Exploration geophysics

Simulation and optimization of a 10 A electron gun with electrostatic compression for the electron beam ion source

A. Pikin, E. N. Beebe, and D. Raparia

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033303 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4793773 (5 pages)

Online Publication Date: 11 March 2013

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Increasing the current density of the electron beam in the ion trap of the Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) in BNL's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider facility would confer several essential benefits. They include increasing the ions’ charge states, and therefore, the ions’ energy out of the Booster for NASA applications, reducing the influx of residual ions in the ion trap, lowering the average power load on the electron collector, and possibly also reducing the emittance of the extracted ion beam. Here, we discuss our findings from a computer simulation of an electron gun with electrostatic compression for electron current up to 10 A that can deliver a high-current-density electron beam for EBIS. The magnetic field in the cathode-anode gap is formed with a magnetic shield surrounding the gun electrodes and the residual magnetic field on the cathode is (5 ÷ 6) Gs. It was demonstrated that for optimized gun geometry within the electron beam current range of (0.5 ÷ 10) A the amplitude of radial beam oscillations can be maintained close to 4% of the beam radius by adjusting the injection magnetic field generated by a separate magnetic coil. Simulating the performance of the gun by varying geometrical parameters indicated that the original gun model is close to optimum and the requirements to the precision of positioning the gun elements can be easily met with conventional technology.
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07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors

Key elements of space charge compensation on a low energy high intensity beam injector

Shixiang Peng, Pengnan Lu, Haitao Ren, Jie Zhao, Jia Chen, Yuan Xu, Zhiyu Guo, Jia'er Chen, Hongwei Zhao, and Liangting Sun

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033304 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794966 (5 pages)

Online Publication Date: 14 March 2013

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Space charge effect (SCE) along the beam line will decrease beam quality. Space charge compensation (SCC) with extra gas injection is a high-efficiency method to reduce SCE. In this paper, we will report the experimental results on the beam profile, potential distribution, beam emittance, and beam transmission efficiency of a 35 keV/90 mA H+ beam and a 40 keV/10 mA He+ beam compensated by Ar/Kr. The influence of gas type, gas flow, and injection location will be discussed. Emphasis is laid on the consideration of SCC when designing and commissioning a high intensity ion beam injector. Based on measured data, a new definition of space charge compensation degree is proposed.
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29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
77.22.Jp Dielectric breakdown and space-charge effects
29.25.Lg Ion sources: polarized

A large-acceptance beam-deceleration module for retrofitting into ion-source beam lines

H. Hijazi and F. W. Meyer

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033305 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794740 (7 pages)

Online Publication Date: 18 March 2013

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We describe a large-acceptance deceleration module capable of decelerating large-emittance full-intensity ion beams typical of ECR ion sources to very low energies with high efficiency. The deceleration module is designed to permit convenient retrofitting into an existing beam line to replace, e.g., the first Faraday cup after magnetic analysis of the beam extracted from the ion source. For starting energies of 10 keV, and incident ion currents as large as 300 μA, deceleration efficiencies have been measured to be greater than 80% for final energies as low as 70 eV. The decelerated beam intensity can be monitored either by insertion of a beam catcher floating at the final deceleration voltage or from the current to the exit grid itself, with suitable correction applied for the grid transparency factor. The behavior of the deceleration optics was modeled using SIMION, incorporating the effects of intra-beam space charge repulsion. We describe a recent application of this deceleration module to study near-surface He bubble and blister formation of a W target heated to 1250 K and irradiated with a 98 eV He ion beam with a flux of ∼1016 cm−2 s−1.
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29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
07.77.Ka Charged-particle beam sources and detectors

A low energy beam transport system for proton beam

Y. Yang, Z. M. Zhang, Q. Wu, W. H. Zhang, H. Y. Ma, L. T. Sun, X. Z. Zhang, Z. W. Liu, Y. He, H. W. Zhao, and D. Z. Xie

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 033306 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796096 (5 pages)

Online Publication Date: 22 March 2013

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A low energy beam transport (LEBT) system has been built for a compact pulsed hadron source (CPHS) at Tsinghua University in China. The LEBT, consisting of two solenoids and three short-drift sections, transports a pulsed proton beam of 60 mA of energy of 50 keV to the entrance of a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ). Measurement has shown a normalized RMS beam emittance less than 0.2 π mm mrad at the end of the LEBT. Beam simulations were carried out to compare with the measurement and are in good agreement. Based on the successful CPHS LEBT development, a new LEBT for a China ADS projector has been designed. The features of the new design, including a beam chopper and beam simulations of the LEBT are presented and discussed along with CPHS LEBT development in this article.
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29.27.Eg Beam handling; beam transport
29.20.Ej Linear accelerators
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