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Mar 2012

Volume 83, Issue 3, Articles (03xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 031301 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3688856 (11 pages)

Ronald P. Manginell, Matthew W. Moorman, Jerome A. Rejent, Paul T. Vianco, Mark J. Grazier, Brian D. Wroblewski, Curtis D. Mowry, and Komandoor E. Achyuthan

Microsamplers with low-power, low-outgassing, hermetic microvalves are poised for field sampling of light gases in applications including altitude-resolved collection of gases relevant to climate and weather.   The microsamplers are shown on a mirror, reflecting the weather on a spring day in Albuquerque, New Mexico. (Photo: Randy Montoya, Sandia Laboratories.)

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back to top Biology and Medicine

Gate effects on DNA translocation through silicon dioxide nanopore

Pei-chun Yen, Chung-hsuan Wang, Gwo-Jen Hwang, and Y. C. Chou

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 034301 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3692746 (5 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 13 March 2012

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The effects of gate voltage on the translocation of DNA molecules through a nanopore are studied. A twenty-fold increase in the translocation time is observed with a positive gate voltage applied, without changing too much of the ionic current. The amplitude of the current blockage by the DNA molecules was reduced by roughly the same factor. At the same time, the number of the blocking events decreases significantly. The applied gate voltage also modulates the scatter plot of the amplitude of the current blockage against the dwell time. The observations are consistent with the recent theoretical results.
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87.15.Pc Electronic and electrical properties
87.16.dp Transport, including channels, pores, and lateral diffusion
87.14.gk DNA
87.15.H- Dynamics of biomolecules

A new laser Doppler flowmeter prototype for depth dependent monitoring of skin microcirculation

E. Figueiras, R. Campos, S. Semedo, R. Oliveira, L. F. Requicha Ferreira, and A. Humeau-Heurtier

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 034302 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694571 (10 pages)

Online Publication Date: 19 March 2012

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Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is now commonly used in clinical research to monitor microvascular blood flow. However, the dependence of the LDF signal on the microvascular architecture is still unknown. That is why we propose a new laser Doppler flowmeter for depth dependent monitoring of skin microvascular perfusion. This new laser Doppler flowmeter combines for the first time, in a device, several wavelengths and different spaced detection optical fibres. The calibration of the new apparatus is herein presented together with in vivo validation. Two in vivo validation tests are performed. In the first test, signals collected in the ventral side of the forearm are analyzed; in the second test, signals collected in the ventral side of the forearm are compared with signals collected in the hand palm. There are good indicators that show that different wavelengths and fibre distances probe different skin perfusion layers. However, multiple scattering may affect the results, namely the ones obtained with the larger fibre distance. To clearly understand the wavelength effect in LDF measurements, other tests have to be performed.
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87.19.U- Hemodynamics
47.63.Jd Microcirculation and flow through tissues
87.19.rh Fluid transport and rheology
42.81.Pa Sensors, gyros
06.20.fb Standards and calibration
85.85.+j Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices
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