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Review of Scientific Instruments / Volume 80 / Issue 8 / CONDENSED MATTER; MATERIALS

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 083904 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3196177 (8 pages)

Acoustic levitator for structure measurements on low temperature liquid droplets

J. K. R. Weber1,2, C. A. Rey3, J. Neuefeind4, and C. J. Benmore2

1Materials Development, Inc., Arlington Heights, Illinois 60004, USA
2Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
3Charles Rey, Inc., Lake Zurich, Illinois 60047, USA
4Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA

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(Received 16 June 2009; accepted 15 July 2009; published online 13 August 2009)

A single-axis acoustic levitator was constructed and used to levitate liquid and solid drops of 1–3 mm in diameter at temperatures in the range −40 to +40 °C. The levitator comprised (i) two acoustic transducers mounted on a rigid vertical support that was bolted to an optical breadboard, (ii) an acoustic power supply that controlled acoustic intensity, relative phase of the drive to the transducers, and could modulate the acoustic forces at frequencies up to 1 kHz, (iii) a video camera, and (iv) a system for providing a stream of controlled temperature gas flow over the sample. The acoustic transducers were operated at their resonant frequency of ∼ 22 kHz and could produce sound pressure levels of up to 160 dB. The force applied by the acoustic field could be modulated to excite oscillations in the sample. Sample temperature was controlled using a modified Cryostream Plus and measured using thermocouples and an infrared thermal imager. The levitator was installed at x-ray beamline 11 ID-C at the Advanced Photon Source and used to investigate the structure of supercooled liquids.

© 2009 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. METHOD
    1. Instrument design and implementation
    2. Temperature control and measurement
    3. Beamline installation
  3. RESULTS
    1. Levitation
    2. Structure measurements
    3. Temperature control and measurement
  4. DISCUSSION
    1. Levitation
    2. Structure measurements
    3. Temperature control and measurement
    4. Future developments
  5. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic field, acoustic transducers, drops, infrared imaging

PACS

  • 43.38.-p

    Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound

  • 43.25.-x

    Nonlinear acoustics

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3196177

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0034-6748 (print)  
1089-7623 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
    S. Krishnan, J. J. Felten, J. E. Rix, J. K. R. Weber, P. C. Nordine, M. A. Beno, S. Ansell, and D. L. Price, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68, 3512 (1997)RSINAK000068000009003512000001.

    E. H. Trinh, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 56, 2059 (1985)RSINAK000056000011002059000001.

    W. J. Xie and B. Wei, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 881 (2001)APPLAB000079000006000881000001.

    R. T. Hart, C. J. Benmore, J. Neuefeind, S. Kohara, B. Tomberli, and P. A. Egelstaff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 047801 (2005).


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