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Dec 2009

Volume 80, Issue 12, Articles (12xxxx)

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A more efficient device for preparing model-membrane liposomes by the rapid solvent exchange method

Jeffrey T. Buboltz

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 124301 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3264073 (5 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 7 December 2009

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We modified the original design for a rapid solvent exchange (RSE) device with the intent of making the RSE method (i) more efficient and (ii) easier to adopt and implement. Our modifications improved solvent-removal kinetics by a factor of 2, while reducing sample-prep time by a factor of 3. In this paper, we develop the kinetic model that informed the device revision and we address several RSE parameters that have not yet been discussed in the literature. We also provide detailed mechanical drawings and present solvent-removal efficiency data that confirm the improved performance of our device.
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82.39.Wj Ion exchange, dialysis, osmosis, electro-osmosis, membrane processes
06.60.Ei Sample preparation (including design of sample holders)

A luminescence lifetime assisted ratiometric fluorimeter for biological applications

Hung Lam, Yordan Kostov, Govind Rao, and Leah Tolosa

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 124302 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3264106 (7 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 15 December 2009

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In general, the most difficult task in developing devices for fluorescence ratiometric sensing is the isolation of signals from overlapping emission wavelengths. Wavelength discrimination can be achieved by using monochromators or bandpass filters, which often lead to decreased signal intensities. The result is a device that is both complex and expensive. Here we present an alternative system—a low-cost standalone optical fluorimeter based on luminescence lifetime assisted ratiometric sensing (LARS). This paper describes the principle of this technique and the overall design of the sensor device. The most significant innovation of LARS is the ability to discriminate between two overlapping luminescence signals based on differences in their luminescence decay rates. Thus, minimal filtering is required and the two signals can be isolated despite significant overlap of luminescence spectra. The result is a device that is both simple and inexpensive. The electronic circuit employs the lock-in amplification technique for the signal processing and the system is controlled by an onboard microcontroller. In addition, the system is designed to communicate with external devices via Bluetooth.
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85.60.Gz Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors)
84.40.Ua Telecommunications: signal transmission and processing; communication satellites
84.30.Vn Filters
87.85.Ng Biological signal processing
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