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Oct 2009

Volume 80, Issue 10, Articles (10xxxx)

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Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 101101 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3236681 (22 pages)

David D. Nolte

Biodisks are lab-on-a-chip device that spin. The two major types of biodisks are centrifugal microfluidic disks and BioCDs. The microfluidic disks use noninertial forces to pump and switch fluids. The BioCDs use lasers and high-frequency optical sampling to rapidly measure target analytes bound to recognition molecules.

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Invited Review Article: Review of centrifugal microfluidic and bio-optical disks

David D. Nolte

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 101101 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3236681 (22 pages) | Cited 19 times

Online Publication Date: 27 October 2009

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Spinning biodisks have advantages that make them attractive for specialized biochip applications. The two main classes of spinning biodisks are microfluidic disks and bio-optical compact disks (BioCD). Microfluidic biodisks take advantage of noninertial pumping for lab-on-a-chip devices using noninertial valves and switches under centrifugal and Coriolis forces to distribute fluids about the disks. BioCDs use spinning-disk interferometry, under the condition of common-path phase quadrature, to perform interferometric label-free detection of molecular recognition and binding. The optical detection of bound molecules on a disk is facilitated by rapid spinning that enables high-speed repetitive sampling to eliminate 1/f noise through common-mode rejection of intensity fluctuations and extensive signal averaging. Multiple quadrature classes have been developed, such as microdiffraction, in-line, phase contrast, and holographic adaptive optics. Thin molecular films are detected through the surface dipole density with a surface height sensitivity for the detection of protein spots that is approximately 1 pm. This sensitivity easily resolves a submonolayer of solid-support immobilized antibodies and their antigen targets. Fluorescence and light scattering provide additional optical detection techniques on spinning disks. Immunoassays have been applied to haptoglobin using protein A/G immobilization of antibodies and to prostate specific antigen. Small protein spots enable scalability to many spots per disk for high-throughput and highly multiplexed immonoassays.
Show PACS
87.80.-y Biophysical techniques (research methods)
87.15.mq Luminescence
87.14.E- Proteins
85.85.+j Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices
47.85.Np Fluidics
07.10.Cm Micromechanical devices and systems
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