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Review of Scientific Instruments / Volume 79 / Issue 10 / OPTICS; ATOMS AND MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTON DETECTORS

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 103109 (2008); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3000685 (11 pages)

High-resolution imaging spectrometer for recording absolutely calibrated far ultraviolet spectra from laser-produced plasmas

Charles M. Brown1, John F. Seely1, Uri Feldman2, Glenn E. Holland3, James L. Weaver4, Steven P. Obenschain4, Benjawan Kjornrattanawanich5, and Drew Fielding6

1Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
2ARTEP Inc., Ellicott City, Maryland 21042, USA
3SFA Inc., 2200 Defense Highway, Suite 405, Crofton, Maryland 21114, USA
4Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
5National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA and Universities Space Research Associates, Columbia, Maryland 21044, USA
6Commonwealth Technologies Inc., 5775 Barclay Drive, Alexandria, Virginia 22315, USA

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(Received 5 September 2008; accepted 25 September 2008; published online 28 October 2008)

An imaging spectrometer was designed and fabricated for recording far ultraviolet spectra from laser-produced plasmas with wavelengths as short as 155 nm. The spectrometer implements a Cassegrain telescope and two gratings in a tandem Wadsworth optical configuration that provides diffraction limited resolution. Spectral images were recorded from plasmas produced by the irradiation of various target materials by intense KrF laser radiation with 248 nm wavelength. Two pairs of high-resolution gratings can be selected for the coverage of two wavebands, one grating pair with 1800 grooves/mm and covering approximately 155–175 nm and another grating pair with 1200 grooves/mm covering 230–260 nm. The latter waveband includes the 248 nm KrF laser wavelength, and the former waveband includes the wavelength of the two-plasmon decay instability at ⅔ the KrF laser wavelength (165 nm). The detection media consist of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor imager, photostimulable phosphor image plates, and a linear array of 1 mm2 square silicon photodiodes with 0.4 ns rise time. The telescope mirrors, spectrometer gratings, and 1 mm2 photodiode were calibrated using synchrotron radiation, and this enables the measurement of the absolute emission from the laser-produced plasmas with temporal, spatial, and spectral resolutions. The spectrometer is capable of measuring absolute spectral emissions at 165 nm wavelength as small as 5×10−7 J/nm from a plasma source area of 0.37 mm2 and with 0.4 ns time resolution.

© 2008 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. TELESCOPE AND SPECTROMETER OPTICAL DESIGNS
  3. MIRROR AND GRATING CALIBRATIONS
  4. EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS
  5. SPECTROMETER SETUP AND OPERATIONS
  6. ABSOLUTELY CALIBRATED TIME-RESOLVED EMISSION
  7. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

calibration, CMOS image sensors, diffraction gratings, photodiodes, plasma diagnostics, plasma production by laser, plasma properties, plasmons, telescopes, ultraviolet spectra, ultraviolet spectroscopy

PACS

  • 52.70.Kz

    Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements

  • 52.25.Os

    Emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation

  • 07.60.Rd

    Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers

  • 06.20.fb

    Standards and calibration

  • 52.50.Jm

    Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3000685

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0034-6748 (print)  
1089-7623 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
    J. L. Weaver, J. Oh, B. Afeyan, L. Phillips, J. Seely, U. Feldman, C. Brown, M. Karasik, V. Serlin, Y. Aglitskiy, A. Mostovych, G. Holland, S. Obenshain, L. -Y. Chan, D. Kehne, R. Lehmberg, A. Schmitt, D. Colombant, and A. Velikovich, Phys. Plasmas 14, 056316 (2007)PHPAEN000014000005056316000001.

    J. F. Seely, U. Feldman, G. Holland, J. Weaver, A. Mostovych, S. Obenshain, A. Schmitt, R. Lehmberg, B. Kjornrattanawanich, and C. Back, Phys. Plasmas 12, 062701 (2005)PHPAEN000012000006062701000001.

    L. I. Goray, J. F. Seely, and S. Yu. Sadov, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 094901 (2006)JAPIAU000100000009094901000001.


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