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Review of Scientific Instruments / Volume 78 / Issue 8 / CHEMISTRY

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 084103 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2775433 (7 pages)

Multiwell micromechanical cantilever array reader for biotechnology

R. Zhang1, A. Best1, R. Berger1, S. Cherian2, S. Lorenzoni2, E. Macis2, R. Raiteri2, and R. Cain3

1Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
2Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering, University of Genova, via all’Opera Pia 11a, I-16145 Genova, Italy
3Protiveris, Inc., 15010 Broschar Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850

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(Received 29 May 2007; accepted 29 July 2007; published online 29 August 2007)

We use a multiwell micromechanical cantilever sensor (MCS) device to measure surface stress changes induced by specific adsorption of molecules. A multiplexed assay format facilitates the monitoring of the bending of 16 MCSs in parallel. The 16 MCSs are grouped within four separate wells. Each well can be addressed independently by different analyte liquids. This enables functionalization of MCS separately by flowing different solutions through each well. In addition, each well contains a fixed reference mirror which allows measuring the absolute bending of MCS. In addition, the mirror can be used to follow refractive index changes upon mixing of different solutions. The effect of the flow rate on the MCS bending change was found to be dependent on the absolute bending value of MCS. Experiments and finite element simulations of solution exchange in wells were performed. Both revealed that one solution can be exchanged by another one after 200 μl volume has flown through. Using this device, the adsorption of thiolated DNA molecules and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol on gold surfaces was performed to test the nanomechanical response of MCS.

© 2007 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
    1. Cantilever sensor array
    2. Optical readout
    3. Flow cell and fluidic delivery system
    4. Finite element modelling of the flow
  3. RESULTS
    1. Calibration
    2. Resonance frequency
    3. Effect of different flow rates
      1. Sample entry delay times
      2. Flow rate dependence
      3. Flow rate dependence on MCS with different curvatures
    4. Mixing of solutions during sample injection
    5. Thiol adsorption experiment
  4. SUMMARY

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

adsorption, biosensors, cantilevers, DNA, elemental semiconductors, finite element analysis, microsensors, refractive index, silicon

PACS

  • 87.80.-y

    Biophysical techniques (research methods)

  • 07.10.Cm

    Micromechanical devices and systems

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2775433

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0034-6748 (print)  
1089-7623 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
    A. Johansson, G. Blagoi, and A. Boisen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 173505 (2006)APPLAB000089000017173505000001.

    H. P. Lang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 383 (1998)APPLAB000072000003000383000001.

    X. R. Zhang and X. F. Xu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2423 (2004)APPLAB000085000012002423000001.

    J. Mertens, M. Calleja, D. Ramos, A. Tarýn, and J. Tamayo, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 034904 (2007)JAPIAU000101000003034904000001.


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