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Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74, 4012 (2003); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1599062 (9 pages)

Oscillatory magnetic tweezers based on ferromagnetic beads and simple coaxial coils

Xavier Trepat1, Mireia Grabulosa1, Lara Buscemi1, Fèlix Rico1, Ben Fabry2, Jeffrey J. Fredberg2, and Ramon Farré1

1Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona–IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
2Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

(Received 12 March 2003; accepted 6 June 2003)

We report the design and validation of simple magnetic tweezers for oscillating ferromagnetic beads in the piconewton and nanometer scales. The system is based on a single pair of coaxial coils operating in two sequential modes: permanent magnetization of the beads through a large and brief pulse of magnetic field and generation of magnetic gradients to produce uniaxial oscillatory forces. By using this two step method, the magnetic moment of the beads remains constant during measurements. Therefore, the applied force can be computed and varies linearly with the driving signal. No feedback control is required to produce well defined force oscillations over a wide bandwidth. The design of the coils was optimized to obtain high magnetic fields (280 mT) and gradients (2 T/m) with high homogeneity (5% variation) within the sample. The magnetic tweezers were implemented in an inverted optical microscope with a videomicroscopy-based multiparticle tracking system. The apparatus was validated with 4.5 μm magnetite beads obtaining forces up to ∼2 pN and subnanometer resolution. The applicability of the device includes microrheology of biopolymer and cell cytoplasm, molecular mechanics, and mechanotransduction in living cells. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.

© 2003 American Institute of Physics

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KEYWORDS and PACS

PACS

  • 85.70.-w

    Magnetic devices

  • 85.85.+j

    Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) and devices

  • 87.80.Fe

    Micromanipulation of biological structures

  • 06.60.Sx

    Positioning and alignment; manipulating, remote handling

ARTICLE DATA

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0034-6748 (print)  
1089-7623 (online)

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