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Apr 2001

Volume 72, Issue 4, pp. 1937-2225

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back to top NUCLEAR PHYSICS, FUSION and PLASMAS

Liquid impedance matching system for ion cyclotron heating

K. Saito, Y. Torii, R. Kumazawa, T. Mutoh, T. Seki, F. Shimpo, G. Nomura, M. Yokota, T. Watari, G. Cattanei, and Yangping Zhao

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2015 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1350636 (8 pages) | Cited 10 times

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Ion cyclotron heating has been established as one of the heating schemes in nuclear fusion research and its use in steady state plasma heating in various devices is being considered. The optimal technology for steady state ion cyclotron range of frequency heating has not been firmly established. This article reports on the liquid stub tuner which was newly developed in research and development activities on the large helical device. It demonstrated high performance in real use in experiments. Two different impedance-matching systems based on the liquid stub tuner are studied: one is a triple liquid stub tuner system and the other is a single stub tuner system with a liquid phase shifter. The characteristics of the two systems are compared from the points of view of how wide a frequency range is covered, and how great the reduction of the voltage in the transmission line is. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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52.50.Qt Plasma heating by radio-frequency fields; ICR, ICP, helicons
52.55.Jd Magnetic mirrors, gas dynamic traps

Charge-coupled device systems for recording two-dimensional multi-mega-ampere z-pinch data

B. H. Failor, P. L. Coleman, J. S. Levine, Y. Song, H. Sze, P. D. LePell, C. A. Coverdale, C. Deeney, L. Pressley, and R. Schneider

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2023 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355264 (9 pages) | Cited 7 times

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Hardware and software have been developed for recording and displaying accurate image and spectral data produced by z-pinch plasma radiation sources at the Double-EAGLE facility at Maxwell Physics International. Desktop computers are used to acquire the data, analyze it, and display and print the results. Of the four charge-coupled device (CCD) image recording systems implemented, two record x rays directly and two record optical light emission from electron–excited phosphors. The CCD systems required careful shielding to allow them to operate in the harsh radio frequency noise environment. During a series of shots at the SATURN facility at Sandia National Laboratories, the quality of a keV x-ray spectrum recorded directly with a CCD compared well with an equivalent spectrum recorded with 2497 film. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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52.58.Lq Z-pinches, plasma focus, and other pinch devices
52.70.La X-ray and γ-ray measurements
52.59.Px Hard X-ray sources
85.60.Gz Photodetectors (including infrared and CCD detectors)
07.85.Fv X- and γ-ray sources, mirrors, gratings, and detectors

Time-resolved measurement on ablative acceleration of foil plates driven by pulsed laser beam

Hongliang He, T. Kobayashi, and T. Sekine

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2032 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1357227 (4 pages) | Cited 6 times

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Coupled with the push-pull type velocity interferometer system for any reflector, an electronic streak camera recording system has been established, which provides subnanosecond time resolution in the detection of interferential fringes. Complete acceleration histories of Al, Au, and Pt foil plates, driven by pulsed laser beam at 30–400 GW/cm2, have been measured by using this system. For the 10-μm-thick Al foil irradiated at 280 GW/cm2, an ablative acceleration up to terminal velocity about 9 km/s within 25 ns has been determined with a velocity uncertainty of ∼1%. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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52.38.Mf Laser ablation
06.30.Gv Velocity, acceleration, and rotation
52.50.Jm Plasma production and heating by laser beams (laser-foil, laser-cluster, etc.)
42.62.Eh Metrological applications; optical frequency synthesizers for precision spectroscopy
07.60.Ly Interferometers

On the theory of an Omegatron with asymmetric three-dimensional electric fields: Ion trajectories and resonance peak shapes

P. V. Amerl, H. R. Krouse, and H. Fichtner

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2036 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1357229 (7 pages) | Cited 1 time

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The theory and modeling of an Omegatron, an instrument exploiting the cyclotron resonance principle for various laboratory measurements, is revisited. A general model for the ion motion in the instrument is developed to compute expected resonance peak shapes. In order to numerically integrate the equation of ion motion, the actual three-dimensional electric field in which the ions move is computed. With this model, the influence of various parameters on the shape of the resonance peaks is studied, and the theoretical findings are compared with experimental results. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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07.75.+h Mass spectrometers
41.85.-p Beam optics
41.20.Cv Electrostatics; Poisson and Laplace equations, boundary-value problems

Unique broad-spectrum neutron sensing instrument

J. A. Weaver, M. J. Joyce, A. J. Peyton, J. Roskell, and M. J. Armishaw

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2043 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1353191 (5 pages) | Cited 2 times

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This article reviews the design and operation of a transportable neutron spectrometer. Four of these instruments were produced and have been widely used for applications such as the assessment and classification of radiation hazards at field sites in the United Kingdom and Europe. An overview of the instrument hardware is presented, together with a description of the six sensor channels, their associated processing electronics and the host data logger computer. Spectral unfolding is also summarized and a sample spectra, which was measured from outside a fuel flask, is given. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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29.30.Hs Neutron spectroscopy
29.50.+v Computer interfaces
07.05.Wr Computer interfaces

Absolute calibration of laser-induced fluorescence experiments by optical depth correction

St. Franke, A. Dinklage, and C. Wilke

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2048 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355267 (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

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Laser-induced fluorescence measurements are absolutely calibrated by correction of relative spatial fluorescence profiles for optical depth. The method is applicable if optical depths of fluorescence transitions are sufficiently high (mean optical depth math≳0.3). For calibration two relative spatial density profiles are required. Measurements of absolute particle densities in a dc glow discharge are performed and compared to results of laser absorption spectroscopy. Absolute errors are found to be less than 20%. The calibration method is expected to be useful in experimental environments that are not accessible for other calibration methods, e.g., due to high optical depth. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements
07.60.Rd Visible and ultraviolet spectrometers
42.62.Fi Laser spectroscopy
06.20.F- Units and standards

Contamination-free sounding rocket Langmuir probe

W. E. Amatucci, P. W. Schuck, D. N. Walker, P. M. Kintner, S. Powell, B. Holback, and D. Leonhardt

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 2052 (2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1357234 (6 pages) | Cited 17 times

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A technique for removing surface contaminants from a sounding rocket spherical Langmuir probe is presented. Contamination layers present on probe surfaces can skew the collected data, resulting in the incorrect determination of plasma parameters. Despite following the usual probe cleaning techniques that are used prior to a launch, the probe surface can become coated with layers of adsorbed neutral gas in less than a second when exposed to atmosphere. The laboratory tests reported here show that by heating the probe from the interior using a small halogen lamp, adsorbed neutral particles can be removed from the probe surface, allowing accurate plasma parameter measurements to be made. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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07.87.+v Spaceborne and space research instruments, apparatus, and components (satellites, space vehicles, etc.)
95.55.Pe Lunar, planetary, and deep-space probes
52.70.Ds Electric and magnetic measurements
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