RSI Nameplate
  • Volume/Page
  • Keyword
  • DOI
  • Citation
  • Advanced
   
 
 
 

Flickr Twitter iResearch App Facebook

BROWSE VOLUMES

Year Range: 
Search Issue | RSS Feeds RSS
Previous Issue Next Issue

Apr 1982

Volume 53, Issue 4, pp. 393-542

Page 1 of 2 Pages Next Page | Jump to Page

CRISIS detector: Characteristics and performance

A. M. Shapiro, E. D. Alyea, F. Barreiro, D. A. Goloskie, V. Kistiakowsky, J. B. McManus, T. B. Stoughton, B. F Wadsworth, Y. Wu, R. J. Plano, W. M. Bugg, T. Kitagaki, T. Ludlam, O. E. Murphy, R. V. Steiner, et al.

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 393 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137005 (12 pages) | Cited 2 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A drift chamber, which makes possible the identification of charged particles in the momentum range 5–100 GeV/c by taking 192 samples of the ionization which they produce in 1.6 cm of 80% argon–20% CO2, has been constructed and tested. It is 1×1×3 m in the sampling direction and is operated at a pressure slightly above atmospheric. It has been found to be very stable in operation and to give an average resolution for the average charge distribution of 8.13±0.18% (FWHM) in agreement with the predicted value of 8.4%.
Show PACS
29.40.Gx Tracking and position-sensitive detectors

H− beam emittance measurements for the Penning and the asymmetric, grooved magnetron surface‐plasma sources

H. Vernon Smith and Paul Allison

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 405 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137006 (4 pages) | Cited 2 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Beam intensity and emittance measurements show that the H− beam from our Penning surface‐plasma source (SPS) has twice the intensity and ten times the brightness of the H− beam from an asymmetric, grooved magnetron SPS. H− ion temperatures of 5 eV for the Penning SPS and 22 eV for the asymmetric, grooved magnetron are deduced by using a simple emittance theory and the present emittance measurements.
Show PACS
07.77.-n Atomic, molecular, and charged-particle sources and detectors
29.25.Lg Ion sources: polarized
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
41.75.Ak Positive-ion beams
41.75.Cn Negative-ion beams

ACT‐I: A steady‐state torus for basic plasma physics research

K. L. Wong, M. Ono, and G. A. Wurden

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 409 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136982 (8 pages) | Cited 51 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The construction and operation of a steady‐state toroidal plasma device are described. The toroidal plasma can be maintained without any rotational transform and the plasma quality is significantly better than that in linear devices. It opens up new areas for basic plasma physics research. Examples of experiments on wave propagation, heating, and current generation are presented.
Show PACS
52.55.Fa Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks
52.55.Hc Stellarators, torsatrons, heliacs, bumpy tori, and other toroidal confinement devices
52.50.Gj Plasma heating by particle beams

Long‐pulse ion source for neutral‐beam applications

C. C. Tsai, M. M. Menon, P. M. Ryan, D. E. Schechter, W. L. Stirling, and H. H. Haselton

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 417 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137007 (7 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A rectangular ion source is being developed for producing 120‐keV/25‐A hydrogen ion beams for pulse durations up to 10 s. It consists of a plasma generator with a rectangular arc chamber (25×35 cm cross section) and an ion accelerator with rectangular grids (10×25 cm hole pattern). The plasma generator is a modified duoPIGatron type. It has been operated at 120 V, 1100 A, and 10 s arc durations to produce a dense and uniform plasma sufficient for supplying a 25‐A ion beam current. The electron emitter used is either a LaB6 hollow cathode or a LM (molybdenum doped with La2O3) indirectly heated cathode. The ion accelerator having four (or three) rectangular grids with multiple circular apertures has been utilized to form high‐energy ion beams above (or below) 80 keV. With substantial improvements in water cooling and mechanical stability, this ion accelerator has been operated reliably to deliver long‐pulse ion beams with energies in excess of 100 keV and pulse lengths of many seconds. The results of measurements made on the power transmission efficiency (70%–80%), power density profile at the target (±0.5% HWHM near the focal plane), and grid loadings (≲1% for each grid) are elaborated. The important characteristics associated with this long‐pulse ion source are also presented and discussed.
Show PACS
29.25.Lg Ion sources: polarized
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative

Properties of an intense 50‐kV neutral‐beam injection system

W. L. Gardner, G. C. Barber, C. W. Blue, W. K. Dagenhart, H. H. Haselton, J. Kim, M. M. Menon, N. S. Ponte, P. M. Ryan, D. E. Schechter, W. L. Stirling, C. C. Tsai, J. H. Whealton, and R. E. Wright

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 424 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136983 (8 pages) | Cited 7 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The properties of an intense 50‐kV neutral‐beam system are discussed. The salient features of this system are a transmission efficiency of 76% of the extracted ion beam through a 30×34 cm aperture that is 4.5 m from the ion source, a transmitted neutral power of 1.8 MW H0 (2.0 MW D0) at extraction parameters of 50 kV/100 A/0.1 s (53 kV/85 A/0.1 s), a proton fraction of ∼80%, an ion‐source arc efficiency of ∼1.3 A/kW, an ion‐source gas efficiency of ∼35%, and a reliability of ≳90%.
Show PACS
29.27.-a Beams in particle accelerators

Instrument for synchronizing plasma diagnostic measurements with tokamak internal disruptions

M. Gerassimenko, R. Petrasso, F. H. Seguin, and J. Ting

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 432 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136984 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We describe an instrument which detects internal disruptions in real time, providing one pulse at each disruption and another pulse at a selectable phase of the internal disruption cycle (as determined by the interval between the two preceding disruptions). By appropriate gating, this instrument allows diagnostics requiring integration times long compared to the internal disruption period to be used in the study of plasma parameter changes produced by internal disruptions. It also permits selection of the phase of the internal disruption cycle at which diagnostics with short sampling times are used. Several features of the instrument are discussed in light of its performance in firing the Thomson scattering laser on the Alcator‐C tokamak.
Show PACS
28.52.-s Fusion reactors
52.70.-m Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation
52.55.Fa Tokamaks, spherical tokamaks
52.55.Hc Stellarators, torsatrons, heliacs, bumpy tori, and other toroidal confinement devices

Thomson scattering diagnostic for a low‐density, high‐temperature, steady‐state plasma

J. A. Cobble and L. Bighel

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 436 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136985 (5 pages) | Cited 3 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A ruby‐laser, Thomson scattering diagnostic for electron temperature (Te) and density (ne) measurements has operated on EBT‐S. This is significant because the density is of order or less than 1012 cm−3, because the temperature is a few hundred electron volts, and because this rather harsh environment in which measurements are taken persists for hours at a time. The problems presented by this steady‐state plasma have been successfully addressed, and radial scans of Te and ne have been obtained.
Show PACS
52.70.Nc Particle measurements

Light Ion Mass Spectrometer for space‐plasma investigations

David L. Reasoner, Charles R. Chappell, Stanley A. Fields, and William J. Lewter

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 441 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136986 (8 pages) | Cited 6 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Recent studies of the low‐energy plasma population in the Earth’s space environment have revealed that this plasma population is much more complex than previously supposed and that a simple model of ionospheric evaporation cannot explain the distributions. There was a need to develop an advanced instrument to study this plasma in detail, and this paper describes the scientific background, design, development, and in‐flight characteristics of such an instrument, the Light Ion Mass Spectrometer (LIMS). This instrument combines a magnetic mass spectrometer, a planar‐grid retarding potential analyzer, and multidirectional sensor heads to measure the mass composition, density, temperature, and flow velocity of low‐energy (E〈100 eV) plasma. The studies which were conducted leading to the final design will be discussed in detail and will illustrate certain effects which arose in the combining of energy and mass analysis into a single sensor. The instrument was flown on a high‐altitude satellite in February 1979, and selected flight data will be presented to demonstrate the instrument performance.
Show PACS
07.75.+h Mass spectrometers
94.20.-y Physics of the ionosphere

High‐power, continuous frequency tunable TE CO2 laser

K. Midorikawa, K. Wakabayashi, M. Obara, and T. Fujioka

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 449 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136987 (3 pages) | Cited 6 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A continuously tunable TE CO2 laser is described, whose frequency tunable ranges of 16 cm−1 in the P‐branch and 14 cm−1 in the R‐branch of 9.6 μm band were obtained with a single line energy of about 400 mJ/pulse. This large output was realized by decreasing the intracavity laser power illuminating the optical components used due to the increase in discharge width. A grid‐type, UV‐preionized TE CO2 laser using a cable PFN was scalable and able to decrease optical damage of components.
Show PACS
42.55.Lt Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers

High‐repetition‐rate, recirculating hydrogen fluoride/deuterium fluoride laser

R. I. Rudko, Z. Drozdowicz, S. Linhares, and D. Bua

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 452 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136988 (6 pages) | Cited 3 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A compact, gas‐efficient, pulsed chemical laser operated with HF, DF, or HF and DF simultaneously, is described. This laser produced over 1 mJ/pulse up to over 4000 pps repetition rates with maximum average power over 4.5 W. Maximum repetition rate was 10 000 pulse/s.
Show PACS
42.55.Lt Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers

Dewar design for optically pumped semiconductor lasers

C. B. Roxlo and M. M. Salour

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 458 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136989 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A liquid‐nitrogen Dewar has been constructed to allow precise and stable alignment of semiconductor platelets. Laser action in an external cavity is observed when the platelets are longitudinally pumped by an Ar+ laser. A microscope objective mounted inside the Dewar is used to focus both the pump and the semiconductor laser beam to a 5‐μm spot. The sample can be moved and tilted while being kept at a temperature of 85 K. Sample mounting techniques are also described.
Show PACS
07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment

Simple period timing device for laser Doppler signals

Prabha Venkatesh and C. R. Prasad

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 461 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136990 (8 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A period timing device suitable for processing laser Doppler anemometer signals has been described here. The important features of this instrument are: it is inexpensive, simple to operate, and easy to fabricate. When the concentration of scattering particles is low the Doppler signal is in the form of a burst and the Doppler frequency is measured by timing the zero crossings of the signal. But the presence of noise calls for the use of validation criterion, and a 5–8 cycles comparison has been used in this instrument. Validation criterion requires the differential count between the 5 and 8 cycles to be multiplied by predetermined numbers that prescribe the accuracy of measurement. By choosing these numbers to be binary numbers, much simplification in circuit design has been accomplished since this permits the use of shift registers for multiplication. Validation accuracies of 1.6%, 3.2%, 6.3%, and 12.5% are possible with this device. The design presented here is for a 16‐bit processor and uses TTL components. By substituting Schottky barrier TTLs the clock frequency can be increased from about 10 to 30 MHz resulting in an extension in the range of the instrument.
Show PACS
07.05.Hd Data acquisition: hardware and software
07.05.Kf Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management
07.05.Rm Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation

High‐performance, time‐correlated single photon counting apparatus using a side‐on type photomultiplier

Shuichi Kinoshita and Takashi Kushida

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 469 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136991 (4 pages) | Cited 36 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Improvements of a previously reported simple fluorescence decay‐time measuring system are described. By the application of a high voltage between the photocathode and the first dynode of a side‐on photomultiplier, as well as by some modification of the electronic systems, the full width at half‐maximum of the response curve has been reduced to 160 ps and the wavelength dependence of the time response has become negligibly small. It is also demonstrated that the fluorescence decay time as short as several picoseconds can be analyzed by this system.
Show PACS
07.60.-j Optical instruments and equipment
07.50.Ek Circuits and circuit components

Novel corrosion‐resistant supersonic expansion cluster source

Bruce D. Kay, T. G. Lindeman, and A. W. Castleman

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 473 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136992 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A corrosion‐resistant stagnation chamber and supersonic nozzle assembly has been developed. The performance of this device as a source of hydrogen‐bonded clusters is reported.
Show PACS
81.65.-b Surface treatments

Remotely controlled passive pulse‐shaping device for subnanosecond duration voltage pulses with stepwise selectable pulse length

L. H. Luthjens, M. J. W. Vermeulen, and M. L. Hom

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 476 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136993 (3 pages) | Cited 4 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Described in this paper is the construction, the electric selection circuit, and the performance of a remotely controlled device that produces subnanosecond duration pulses with fast rise and decay times with stepwise selectable pulse length. Coaxial line pieces with a short‐circuited side branch of definite transmission length are inserted in a coaxial pulser output cable. The device can be used in combination with a 50‐Ω coaxial line pulser for nanosecond pulses and pulse voltages up to several kilovolts. More than 1000 h of successful operation in the terminal of a Van de Graaff electron accelerator has proven its reliability.
Show PACS
84.30.Jc Power electronics; power supply circuits

Real‐time analysis system for a gravitational wave antenna

B. L. Brown, A. P. Mills, and J. A. Tyson

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 479 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136994 (6 pages) | Cited 2 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Real‐time analysis of a gravitational wave detector signal yields a condensed summary of the antenna history in the system described here. Optimal filtering is performed on the antenna signal and impulses above a preset threshold are recorded in detail using a microprocessor system. Histograms are made of the optimal filter output and of the long‐term Brownian motion of the antenna. A permanent record of the large events is made on a chart recorder and a teletype, giving the details of the event pulse shape as well as numerical values of the energy and the time of the event. This provides a record of any large events in a form that can be easily correlated with data from other experiments. No events were recorded above 113 gravitational pulse units (105 erg/cm2 Hz) at 710 Hz in the 39.5 days of data presented here.
Show PACS
04.30.-w Gravitational waves
04.80.-y Experimental studies of gravity

Small solenoid with a superconducting shield for nuclear‐magnetic‐resonance near 1 mK

K. A. Muething, D. O. Edwards, J. D. Feder, W. J. Gully, and H. N. Scholz

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 485 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136995 (6 pages) | Cited 16 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A small superconducting solenoid to provide the steady homogeneous field for NMR at ultralow temperatures is described. The solenoid is shielded by a superconducting tube and there is a simple method of computing the field distribution. Three different shield materials, Pb, Nb–Ti, and pure Nb, were investigated. The final version of the solenoid and shield gives a field of ∼0.5  T with a homogeneity of ∼5×10−4 over 1 cm with, heating of less than 0.1 μ W.
Show PACS
07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment
07.57.Pt Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques
85.25.-j Superconducting devices

Frequency‐swept detector for ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers

J. Wronka and D. P. Ridge

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 491 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136996 (8 pages) | Cited 13 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Design, construction, performance, and use of a frequency‐swept bridge detector for ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry are described. Special features include characterization and simple automatic correction of phase shift to allow broadband detection. The result is a detection system that may be used either at constant field or constant frequency. Drift‐mode operation is simplified in that it may be satisfactorily used without the various signal modulation schemes used in previous detectors. In the trapped mode the detector may be pulsed to control the timing of ion detection. This detector makes it possible to do frequency‐swept double resonance experiments which provide spectra of all the product ions of a given reactant ion. Circuit schematics and typical frequency‐ and field‐swept spectra are shown.
Show PACS
07.75.+h Mass spectrometers

Electrical resistance measurements at high pressure and low temperature using a diamond‐anvil cell

Nobuko Sakai, Takashi Kajiwara, Kazuhiko Tsuji, and Shigeru Minomura

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 499 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136997 (4 pages) | Cited 32 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A new method of measuring electrical resistance in a diamond‐anvil cell has been developed. The sample assembly consisting of copper‐plate electrodes and polymer film has been used for a modified two‐probe method. The resistance measurements have been carried out at pressures up to 250 kbar and temperatures down to 1.7 K using a diamond‐anvil cell driven by helium gas. This method has been applied to investigate the pressure‐induced phase transition in iodine and superconducting transition in hydrogenated amorphous silicon films.
Show PACS
07.35.+k High-pressure apparatus; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells
07.20.Mc Cryogenics; refrigerators, low-temperature detectors, and other low-temperature equipment

High‐temperature battery calorimeter

L. D. Hansen, R. H. Hart, D. M. Chen, and H. F. Gibbard

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 503 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136998 (4 pages) | Cited 4 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A battery calorimeter was built for the measurement of thermal energy generation of high‐temperature lithium–aluminum/iron sulfide battery cells, which are under development for electric vehicle propulsion and other energy storage applications. The calorimeter was designed with a temperature range of 400 °–500 °C, a detection limit of 1 mW, and an upper limit of heat flow of 50 W. The results of measurements on 200‐Ah LiAl/FeS cells were in excellent agreement with the predictions of thermodynamic calculations based on precise measurements of the total cell polarization and the temperature coefficient of the emf. Details of the construction and operation principles of this calorimeter are given.
Show PACS
07.20.Fw Calorimeters
07.20.Ka High-temperature instrumentation; pyrometers

Measurement of the three components of the electron‐spin polarization vector

E. Kisker

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 507 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1136999 (2 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The new method for measuring the three components of the electron‐spin polarization as proposed recently by Beerlage and Farago is compared to an existing solution, requiring one additional pair of electron detectors in the Mott scattering setup. It is shown that the method of Beerlage and Farago requires much longer measuring times and is operationally more complex than the conventional one with additional detectors. The same arguments apply for a LEED spin polarization detector.
Show PACS
76.30.-v Electron paramagnetic resonance and relaxation

Apparatus designed to measure phase angles for detecting an interaction between ac superficial discharge and an insulating surface

E. Abulzahab, Bui Ai, C. Huraux, and W. Plueksawan

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 509 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137000 (6 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A system consisting of two electronic circuits capable of detecting an interaction between ac superficial discharge and an insulating surface is described. The first of these circuits gives out pulses with amplitudes proportional to phase angles of discharge current and the second passes only those that correspond to the interaction. By analyzing the results with a multichannel amplitude analyzer, the occurrence of this kind of interaction can be detected.
Show PACS
07.50.-e Electrical and electronic instruments and components

Simple jig for orienting and polishing a single crystal

Y. K. Chang

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 515 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137001 (2 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A simple device was constructed for preparing single‐crystal surfaces. The jig can be used to accurately orient and polish crystals along any desired crystallographic plane without undesired transfer of the sample from one device to another. The mounted specimen may be removed for examination and easily reloaded back into the jig without loss of orientational reference. Excellent results were obtained with many soft and hard crystals.
Show PACS
06.60.Ei Sample preparation (including design of sample holders)

Cellstat—A continuous culture system of a bacteriophage for the study of the mutation rate and the selection process at the DNA level

Yuzuru Husimi, Koichi Nishigaki, Yasunori Kinoshita, and Toyosuke Tanaka

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 517 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137002 (6 pages) | Cited 13 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A bacteriophage is continuously cultured in the flow of the host bacterial cell under the control of a minicomputer. In the culture, the population of the noninfected cell is kept constant by the endogeneous regulation mechanism, so it is called the ’’cellstat’’ culture. Due to the high dilution rate of the host cell, the mutant cell cannot be selected in the cellstat. Therefore, the cellstat is suitable for the study of the mutation rate and the selection process of a bacteriophage under well‐defined environmental conditions (including physiological condition of the host cell) without being interfered by host‐cell mutations. Applications to coliphage fd, a secretion type phage, are shown as a measurement example. A chimera between fd and a plasmid pBR322 is cultured more than 100 h. The process of population changeovers by deletion mutants indicates that the deletion hot spots exist in this cloning vector and that this apparatus can be used also for testing instability of a recombinant DNA.
Show PACS
87.90.+y Other topics in biological and medical physics (restricted to new topics in section 87)

Method of eliminating the effect of decay products in continuous measurement of 222Rn

K. Janka and M. Lehtimäki

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53, 523 (1982); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137003 (5 pages) | Cited 4 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
In most types of radon monitors the effect of radon short‐lived decay products makes the measurement of rapidly fluctuating radon concentrations inaccurate. A method of eliminating the effect of short‐lived decay products is developed. It can be used to correct the readings of different types of radon monitors either computationally afterwards or electronically in real time. As a result, a simple ionization chamber radon monitor with a relatively fast response (τ≃5 min) is developed.
Show PACS
29.40.Cs Gas-filled counters: ionization chambers, proportional, and avalanche counters
Page 1 of 2 Pages Next Page | Jump to Page
Close

Google Calendar

ADVERTISEMENT

Go to AIP Home   © AIP Publishing LLC
close