RSI Nameplate
  • Volume/Page
  • Keyword
  • DOI
  • Citation
  • Advanced
   
 
 
 

Flickr Twitter iResearch App Facebook

BROWSE VOLUMES

Year Range: 
Search Issue | RSS Feeds RSS
Previous Issue Next Issue

May 1977

Volume 48, Issue 5, pp. 501-576


Large thermocouple thermometry errors caused by magnetic fields

T. G. Kollie, R. L. Anderson, J. L. Horton, and M. J. Roberts

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 501 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135063 (11 pages) | Cited 11 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Chromel/Alumel thermocouples used in a magnetic field indicated temperatures in error by about ±150% at 100 °C. Diagnostic tests showed that the errors were caused by the Ettingshausen–Nernst (EN) effect. The EN effect produces an emf in a conductor, such as a thermocouple, placed in a magnetic field and temperature gradient which are both transverse to the length of the conductor. The heat transfer experiment at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in which the temperature measurement errors were encountered is described, and the results of diagnostic tests performed in this experimental apparatus and in auxiliary lab‐bench experiments to identify the EN effect are presented. Sources of error, other than the EN effect, for thermocouples used in a magnetic field are discussed.
Show PACS
07.20.Dt Thermometers
07.55.-w Magnetic instruments and components
85.80.Fi Thermoelectric devices

Comparison of techniques for extracting signals from a strong background

H. H. Arsenault and P. Marmet

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 512 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135064 (5 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The useful data from experiments are sometimes superimposed on a large‐amplitude, slowly changing continuum that masks the information of interest. Techniques for extracting the information are analyzed and compared. We show that the processing comprises a tradeoff between removal of the continuum and detectability, distortion, and the signal‐to‐noise ratio of structures. It is found that wide structures are the hardest of all to extract without distortion and with a good signal‐to‐noise ratio, and that for a given set of experimental parameters, there is a limit to the class of structures that may be extracted from the data.
Show PACS
07.05.Hd Data acquisition: hardware and software
07.05.Kf Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management
07.05.Rm Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation

Diamond anvil device for x‐ray diffraction on single crystals under pressures up to 100 kilobar

R. Keller and W. B. Holzapfel

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 517 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135065 (7 pages) | Cited 44 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A new high‐pressure diamond anvil device is described which allows for x‐ray diffraction intensity measurements on single crystals up to hydrostatic pressures of about 100 kilobar. The present device fits into commercial x‐ray diffractometers such as precession cameras and four‐circle diffractometers. The pressure is determined by measuring the ruby R1‐line shift with a Fabry–Pérot interferometer which is coupled to a microscope system. First measurements on Se carried out on a precession camera indicate that atomic position parameters and pressures can be determined with standard deviations of ±0.002 and ±0.7 kilobar.
Show PACS
07.35.+k High-pressure apparatus; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells
61.05.C- X-ray diffraction and scattering

Automatic recording of quantum yields in photoemission

A. Schmidt‐Ott and F. Meier

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 524 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135066 (4 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A simple automated system designed to monitor quantum efficiency as a function of photon energy is described. Photocurrents ranging from 10−6 to 10−12 A can be measured continuously as a function of radiation energy and the corresponding logarithmic yield is plotted directly on a recorder. The main advantages are a drastic reduction of the measuring time and higher resolution compared to conventional point‐by‐point methods.
Show PACS
79.60.-i Photoemission and photoelectron spectra
07.05.Hd Data acquisition: hardware and software
07.05.Kf Data analysis: algorithms and implementation; data management
07.05.Rm Data presentation and visualization: algorithms and implementation

LED marine beam transmittance meter

L. Basano, P. Ottonello, and L. Papa

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 528 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135067 (3 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
In this paper we present a beam transmittance meter for measurements of turbidity in situ, which employs a LED (light emitting diode) as the light source. The electronic modulability of LEDs makes the whole modulation device extremely simple. Thanks to the aforesaid modulation,, which in good transmissometers is obtained by mechanical chopping, synchronous detection of the signal is made possible. The instrument is very sensitive, stable, and low cost.
Show PACS
91.50.Jc Marine sediments, turbidity currents—processes and transport
42.79.-e Optical elements, devices, and systems

High sensitivity nuclear acoustic resonance spectrometer incorporating a new calibration technique

Judy R. Franz and M. E. Mullen

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 531 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135068 (2 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A new type of nuclear acoustic resonance spectrometer with a sensitivity approximately two orders of magnitude greater than standard cw transmission spectrometers is described. A new technique for calibrating the sensitivity of ultrasonic spectrometers is also described. The calibration procedure can be carried out concurrently with experimental measurements when working with metal samples.
Show PACS
07.57.Pt Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques
43.35.Rw Magnetoacoustic effect; oscillations and resonance
43.35.Yb Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques

15 cm duoPIGatron ion source

W. L. Stirling, C. C. Tsai, and P. M. Ryan

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 533 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135062 (4 pages) | Cited 37 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The 10 cm (grid diameter) duoPIGatron ion source produces pulsed hydrogen ion beams of 10–15 A beam current in the 20–40 keV energy range for a duration of a few tenths of a second. To fulfill the requirement of the next generation of high‐power neutral beam injectors for heating plasmas in CTR devices, this source has been enlarged to a version 15 cm in grid diameter. In addition, by utilizing a magnetic multipole line cusp field confinement method, the plasma created is characterized over the 15 cm grid diameter by a noise level within ±10% and spatial density variations within ±5% at a density on the order of 1012 cm−3. This larger source has operated reliably and produced a beam current exceeding 30 A of hydrogen at 27 keV. Initial operation of a 20 cm version of this source employing line cusp confinement has produced an extraction current of 60 A at 33 keV.
Show PACS
29.25.Lg Ion sources: polarized
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
28.52.-s Fusion reactors

Gas cell for photochemical studies

A. E. Ledford and W. Braun

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 537 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135069 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A cell design suitable for chromatographic sampling of products is integrated into an apparatus suitable for performing ir, visible, and photochemical studies. The design of the cell and a schematic of the apparatus are presented and described.
Show PACS
82.50.-m Photochemistry
82.80.Bg Chromatography

cw ruby laser pumped by a 5145 Å argon laser

T. N. C. Venkatesan and S. L. McCall

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 539 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135070 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We describe an argon laser pumped ruby laser system which provides 300 mW in several modes using 2 W of single mode 5145 Å argon laser pump power. By filtering the output with a stabilized Fabry–Perot cavity, single mode outputs of 75 mW or more were obtained. The laser is tunable over a frequency width of 60 GHz about the R1 line at LN2 temperatures, with single mode powers between 10 and 100 mW.
Show PACS
42.55.Rz Doped-insulator lasers and other solid state lasers
42.60.By Design of specific laser systems

Calibration of marginal oscillator sensitivity for use in ICR spectrometry

V. G. Anicich and W. T. Huntress

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 542 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135071 (3 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A new design of a Q‐spoiler, a constant reference load, is introduced and evaluated. The device is useful in the calibration of a marginal oscillator’s relative sensitivity variations with frequency. In a capacitive divider design, the loading of the marginal oscillator with respect to frequency is largely dependent on the choice of components. The new design uses a large resistance and compensates for the resistor’s capacitance by switching between the resistor and another leg of the circuit that has a matched capacitance.
Show PACS
06.20.F- Units and standards
84.30.Ng Oscillators, pulse generators, and function generators
76.40.+b Diamagnetic and cyclotron resonances

Compact TEA N2 laser

Ernest E. Bergmann

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 545 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135072 (2 pages) | Cited 13 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A novel pulsed uv laser that operates with pure N2 at 1 atm pressure is described. The length of the laser channel is only 25 cm, yet the laser is capable of producing over 0.5 MW peak power with less than 20 kV supplied to the circuit. Its simple construction should encourage widespread duplication.
Show PACS
42.55.Lt Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers

Automatic screw identification using spatial filtering

G. Indebetouw

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 547 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135073 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A simple optical probe is described which enables one to control in real time the parameters (length and thread caliber) of screws entering an automatic assembly line. The information needed for the identification of a type of screw is extracted from the image and the optical spatial spectrum of the screw with the aid of simple binary masks.
Show PACS
42.79.Ci Filters, zone plates, and polarizers
07.07.Tw Servo and control equipment; robots

The Photicon

E. Kellogg, S. Murray, U. Briel, and D. Bardas

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 550 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135074 (4 pages) | Cited 8 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We report on the performance of a new type of imaging optical detector which we call the Photicon. It uses a conventional semitransparent photocathode, imaging electrostatic optics, microchannel plates, and a crossed wire grid position‐sensitive charge detector. Single photon events produce a digital word giving the position of the event. An image can be accumulated in a memory array, or stored serially with each event’s time of occurrence recorded with 10−6‐sec precision. Spatial resolution of σ≃20 μm has been achieved so far in a 25‐mm‐diam active area detector.
Show PACS
42.79.Ls Scanners, image intensifiers, and image converters
42.79.Pw Imaging detectors and sensors
42.30.-d Imaging and optical processing
42.79.Vb Optical storage systems, optical disks

Simple longitudinally pulsed CO2 laser and its application in single‐mode operation of TEA lasers

M. M. T. Loy and P. A. Roland

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 554 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135075 (3 pages) | Cited 20 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We describe a simple longitudinally pulsed, low‐pressure CO2 laser with peak power up to 1 kW and pulse duration about 100 μsec. Its relatively high gain allows lasing operation with output mirror reflectivity as low as 35%. It is especially useful as an intracavity gain section inside a high‐power TEA laser for single‐longitudinal‐mode operation.
Show PACS
42.55.Lt Gas lasers including excimer and metal-vapor lasers

Construction of supported fission foils for laser excitation

T. M. Kerley, D. A. McArthur, and D. J. Sasmor

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 557 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135076 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A procedure is described for making smooth, durable coatings of uranium oxide (∼5 μm thick) on ceramic substrates such as alumina and beryllia. The coatings have shown no damage after being excited repeatedly to ∼1020 fissions/m3 with a thermal neutron pulse ∼150 μsec wide. The uniformity of fission fragment energy emission from the coatings has been measured and the coating structure has been studied with electron microscopy.
Show PACS
42.60.By Design of specific laser systems
28.90.+i Other topics in nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies (restricted to new topics in section 28)

Thermal diffusivity measurement of Armco iron by a novel method

V. V. Mirkovich

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 560 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135077 (6 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A novel thermal diffusivity apparatus is described. It is based on the concept of an infinite cylinder and the measurements can be performed in transient and periodic temperature modes. Its ability to perform measurements on electrically conductive, medium range thermal diffusivity solids, as well as its accuracy of measurement, was established by measuring thermal diffusivity of an Armco iron specimen.
Show PACS
66.30.Fq Self-diffusion in metals, semimetals, and alloys

Measuring the position of a Josephson junction

J. H. Magerlein, R. H. Eick, L. N. Dunkleberger, and T. A. Fulton

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 566 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135078 (2 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We describe a method for measuring the position of a Josephson junction from outside the cryostat. An inhomogeneous ac magnetic field from two opposed coils modulates the critical current of the junction unless it is in the central region where the field is small. We use the technique to measure the critical current of individual junctions in a series‐connected array, using electrical contacts across the entire string.
Show PACS
74.50.+r Tunneling phenomena; Josephson effects
06.30.Bp Spatial dimensions (e.g., position, lengths, volume, angles, and displacements)

Design of a friction‐activated semi‐demountable feedthrough seal

R. Hannemann

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 567 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135079 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The design of a conical, pressed‐in hermetic feedthrough seal is briefly reported in this note. The considerations discussed are applicable to gasket‐type seals in general.
Show PACS
07.30.Kf Vacuum chambers, auxiliary apparatus, and materials
06.60.-c Laboratory procedures

Optical isolation operational amplifier

N. J. Chou and A. Castellano

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 569 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135080 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The paper describes an optical isolation operational amplifier designed to measure electrical current in the 10−11–10−6 A range at ±1000 V.
Show PACS
84.30.Le Amplifiers
42.79.-e Optical elements, devices, and systems

Extraction of an ion beam from a diverter‐type plasma source

K. Yatsu, Y. Nozaki, S. Hagiwara, and S. Miyoshi

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 571 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135081 (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A multiple‐aperture ion source using a diverter‐type plasma source has been developed. The density profile of the source plasma is uniform to ±7% across a diameter of 5.6 cm. An ion beam of 4 keV, 0.2 A has been extracted from the ion source. The experimentally obtained perveance is about half of the theoretical value. The ion source has the potential to be a high‐current ion source.
Show PACS
29.25.Lg Ion sources: polarized
29.25.Ni Ion sources: positive and negative
41.75.Ak Positive-ion beams
41.75.Cn Negative-ion beams

Field sweeper and recorder drive for de Haas–van Alphen type phenomena

Jerome R. Long and Narendra K. Batra

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 572 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135082 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A collection of simple circuits using inexpensive integrated components has been developed for the purpose of obtaining slow, high‐resolution magnetic field sweeps for study of de Haas–van Alphen and related effects with the option of either sweeping the field or driving a recorder at a rate inversely proportional to the field.
Show PACS
71.18.+y Fermi surface: calculations and measurements; effective mass, g factor
07.07.Hj Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc.

Elimination of oscillator coupling effects in ion cyclotron double resonance experiments

Douglas J. DeFrees and Robert T. McIver

Rev. Sci. Instrum. 48, 574 (1977); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1135083 (3 pages)

Online Publication Date: 26 August 2008

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
In ion cyclotron double resonance experiments, massive interference results when the frequency of the double resonance oscillator is close to the resonant frequency of the marginal oscillator detector. A compensator circuit has been developed which totally eliminates the interference and permits double resonance experiments to be performed for ions which are only 1 amu apart. TP E #YR 77 #XN 0758+g #XN 8430Wp #XN 7640+b #XN 8230Fi OSCILLATOR DETECTOR. A COMPENSATOR CIRCUIT HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WHICH TOTALLY ELIMINATES THE INTERFERENCE AND PERMITS DOUBLE RESONANCE EXPERIMENTS TO BE PERFORMED FOR IONS WHICH ARE ONLY 1 AMU APART.
Show PACS
07.57.Pt Submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave spectrometers; magnetic resonance spectrometers, auxiliary equipment, and techniques
07.50.Ek Circuits and circuit components
76.40.+b Diamagnetic and cyclotron resonances
82.30.Fi Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge-transfer reactions
Close

Google Calendar

ADVERTISEMENT

Go to AIP Home   © AIP Publishing LLC
close